Hydraulic profiler for truing devices and the like



July 8, 1952 w. L. TANCRED 2,602,437

HYDRAULIC PRQFILER FOR TRUING DEVICES AND THE LIKE Filed April 29, 1946 3 Sheets-Sheet l I INVENTOR. Mm [I'm/2 d l y y 8, 1952 w. L. TANCRED 2,602,437

HYDRAULIC PROFILER FOR TRUING DEVICES AND THE LIKE Filed April 29, 1946 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Tr .r HMVJAH W Q Q r%%%%%% M J July 8, 1952 w, TANCRED 2,602,437

HYDRAULIC PROFILER FOR TRUING DEVICES AND THE LIKE Filed April 29, 1946 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 71 M 5/ l //f Patented July 8, 1952 "UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE "at same.nttmtitittitjwittttt v DEVICES AND 'llHlilLlKE William L. Tattered-Springfield, Vt, assignor Ito J one's..& Lamson Machine .Oompany, Springfield, Vt acorporation of Vermont w sanita ion April 29, 1948, serial No; tests blaims. (Cl.

"This-invention relatesto a profiler =fortruing uttitts'ami the like, andhas for an-object-to provide a hydraulically acting mechani'sm which will follow a pattern with great accuracy and withuniform feed.

A further object is to improve the mechanism by causing one valve to control the-power feed in tworight angularly-related directions, the acceleration in one direction beingal-ways proportional to'the deceleration in-theother directi'on.-- a a stillja'nother object 'is -t o providea mechanism --i-n-- which the pattern-engaging tracer may be readily changed to suit the-tool used for truing.

For-a complete understanding ofthis invention, reference may behadtothe-accompanying drawings in which V v J I Figure l-is a viewpartly-i n-top plan and partly broken *away and-in section, 1 but omitting much time hydraulic system o'fa machine embodying the-invention. g

'Figure 2-is a vertical se'otionalview on line- 2-2 of Figure 1 and showing the hydraulic system somewhat diagrammatically.

FigureB is'an elevation at the toolend of "the machine. a

' 'liigui'e d is a verticalseetional-viewon line 4-4 of Figure2; I :Figure '5 is a fragmentary perspective View of the machi-ne, most of the hydraulic connections being omitted.

Figures 6 to 9,inc1usive, are diagrammatic longitudinal sectional views through the control "valveantipattern-in successive positions as the tracertraces a pattern.

Referring first to Figures 1to5', at lis indicateda support having a guideway2 thereinior the reception-of a slidable carriage this carriage being movable toward and from the device to be profiled, herein shown as a multi-ribbed grinding wheel-4 mounted on a shaft .5. The direction of'motion ofthe slide3 is thusone to feed the truing tool shown at 6 toward the grinding wheel '4 or to retract it therefrom. This carriage 3' is provided with a transverse guideway- 10 within which is mounted for motion. at right angle to the direction of motion of the carriage riagle ll l fThis carriage I 4 v has a post; l 5 pro 3' e ing upwar'dlytherefrom for-mounting the tool The-direction of-traVerse -of the earriag I l facilitateturhing of this screw tothereby adjust the setting of the carriage 3 for difierent sizes of work and as the work; and-toolare worn and trued away. Thecontrol ofthe tool'B is provided by a.pattern and tracer shown at 24 and 25,

respectively. Oneofthese parts, herein shown asthe pattern .2; l,cis secured as by screws 26 to a bar 21,.the 'endsof which are secured as by screws, 28 to supporting posts .2 9. extendingupwardly .from the. carriage. 3 at opposite ends, so that the pattern isstationary. in the directionof traverseibut is adjustable with the a'djustment ofithe slides. .The tracer 251s shown as liked tothe upper end ofvan arm 39 .fulcrume d at its lower end. as ;at 31 on a pairofzears 32', one of which is shown inFigure 5, these ears projecting upwardly from the slide Id. The tracer 25 therefore partake's of the-traverse motion of the'tool, since theslidelllis carried by theltraverse slide 1 l, and it is also alloweda movementinthe'fee'd direction by its swinging mounting on the carriage l4 and through the feed motion of this carriage Ill. .It is normally held pressedaga'inst the edge .of the-pattern '24 by means which will later be described.

The traverse motion of the-tool 6 withrespect to thework which comprises thegrinding wheel :4, is produced by .hydraulic' mechanism, and this, as shown, is under the controlof theop er'at'or by t h'e carriage 3, motion of the cylinder 3'5;wi11 .cause this-carriage H to be moved in traverse :dire'ction'.

beyon The hydraulic power circuit for effecting such traversing motion may comprise, as shown in Figure 2, a tank 45 for the hydraulic liquid from which it is pumped by a pump 4| driven by a motor 42 past a flow control valve 43 into a pressure supply pipe 44. Any excess of pressure that required at any particular time is Vented back to the tank from the pump 4| through a suitable relief valve and the pipe 45. The hydraulic fluid under pressure passes from the pressure pipe 44 into the valve cylinder 45 which is shown as supported upon the hydraulic traverse cylinder 35. Within the valve cylinder 46 is a spool valve 47 from opposite ends of which ex;- tend control rods 48 through the end walls of the valve cylinder. These rods are shown as terminating in actuating knobs 45 by which the valve may be moved to one or the other of its delivered through the cannelure 8| through a port 85 and a passage 55 into the controlled by the same cannelure ll, leads to a discharge passage I4 also extending through the piston rod 54 and communicating through a return pipe I with the tank 40. Depending upon the axial position of the valve 55, and also upon its angular position, the discharge from the pipe 58 may be more or less throttled by the valve 56.

The inner portion of the valve 55 consists of a spool 80 having a cannelure GI. The pressure pipe 44 leading from the source of hydraulic pressure communicates with a passage 82 through the piston rod 64, this passage leading to a central port 84 from which fluid under pressure is either right hand end chamber 87 of the cylinder 50,

control positions to determine the direction of traverse. As shown in Figure 1 the valve spool 4'! ismoved to a position where its central cannelure 50 directs the fluid under pressure through the pipe 5i into theend chamber 52 of the cylinder 35. since the piston 35 is stationary, pressure within chamber 52 causes the cylinder 35 and the carriage II to be moved in the direction shown by the arrow A in Figure 1. The fluid at the opposite end of the cylinder 35 within the piston chamber 55 discharges through the pipe 56, end chamber 51 of the valve cylinder 45, and through the discharge pipe 58. Should the valve spool 47 have been moved in the opposite direction, fluid under pressure would have passed from the pipe 44 and the cannelure of the valve 41 into the pipe 56 and the chamber55 of the cylinder 35, while fluid in the chamber 52 would have discharged through the pipe '5I into the corresponding end chamber of the valve cylinder 46 through a passage 59 centrally through the valve spool into the chamber 57 and out to the discharge 58. Because of the central passage 59 it will be noted that opposite ends of the valve cylinder have their pressures equalized, the pipe 58 being the discharge pipe for both end positions of the valve. By moving the valve '47 to its central position all traverse motion is stopped.

The feed motions of both the tool and the tracer are efiected through an hydraulic circuit including the hydraulic cylinder 60, which as shown is integral with the slide II, though of course it might be secured thereto. This cylinder 60 has a piston 6I therein, from one end of which extends a piston rod 62 through the inner end wall 53 of the cylinder 50. The other end of the piston has extending therefrom a piston rod fillwhich extends through the opposite cylinder head 65. The piston is hollow and carries therein a double spool valve 65 having two valve portions, one of which controls the rate of discharge from the traverse cylinder 35, and the other of which controls the direction, of motion of the slide I4 in feed or retraction and its rate.

The outer end portion of the valve 56 comprises a spool portion I0 having a cannelure'lI of variable width, being relatively narrow. at one angular position and tapering outwardly widthwise to a diametrically opposite position. The discharge pipe 58 from the traverse valve cylinder 46 leads to a passage I2 extending through the piston rod 54, this passage 12 extending into the piston GI and opening up at one end portion ofthe cannelure II which may be more or less closed off, depending upon the position of the valve 65. Another port I3, which also may be or through a port 88 and a passage 89 to the left hand chamber 90 of the cylinder 60, thus to drive the piston 5| to the left or right, respectively, retracting or feeding the slide I4. The valve 66 has a shank portion which extends through the piston rod 62 and is slidable through an end cap 96 of the piston rod 62. It also extends through a disk 91 which is seated against a shoulder 98 thereon and is held against rotation by a guide pin 99 secured thereto and slidable within a guide opening I00 in a post IOI upstandingfrom the outer end of the slide I4 and to which the outer end of the piston rod 62 is secured. A second beveled disk I05 is keyed to the shank portion 95 for rotation therewith and is held in position by a pair of nuts I06 threaded on the outer end of the shank 95 which bears against theadjacent edge of the tracer 25. The adjacent edges of the disks 9'! and I05 may be provided with indexing marks as shown in Figure 1 which will show to the operator the angular position of the valve 66 and thus the portion of the, cannelure 'II which is efiective to control the passage of fluid between the passages l2 and I3. The valve 66 is pressed to the right as viewed in Figure 2 as far as possible by a coil spring IIO reacting between the cap 95 and the disk 91, this spring also acting to hold the tracer against the "edgeof the pattern, Thus as the tracer moves in and out with reference to the pattern, the valve 65 is given a corresponding axial motion which controls the passage of hydraulic fluid into opposite ends of the cylinder 60 and therefore moves the slide I4 in a corresponding direction.

In order that the valve 66 may remain in balanced position in so far as liquid pressure. is concerned, it is provided with a central passage [I5 opening out at IIB between the two valve portions and at H! within the piston rod 62.

The discharge passage I4 communicates with the outer end of the valve in the chamber I20. The

openings IIG and H9 furnish the discharge passages for opposite 'end chambers 81 and 90 of the cylinder 50 when the cannelure8l connects the chambers 90 and 81 of the cylinder 60 with the supply.

. The action. of the valve in controlling the feed and'retracting motions of the tool 5 relative to the work and the-tendency for similar'motionof the tracer, and at'the same time correspondingly controlling the rate of discharge from, the traverse cylinder may be followed from an inspection of Figures 6 to 9, which show the relationships .of the valve 66 for different conditions of traverse between the tracer and pattern. These figures are somewhat'diagrammatic, the tracer element 25 being shown for the sake of simplicity as a part of the valve shank 95, although in the 5 other figures oi-th'e drawing. it is, not soshown. In-Figu'ret the valve t6v and related parts are in the positionwhich they would take while the. tracer is tracing a portion of the pattern parallel to the direction of traverse. In this position of the valve the cannelure 8| is in such relation to the passages '83and 89 that the hydraulicfluid may'pass from thesupply passage .83 into the passage somewhatslowly build Sup pressure within the end chamber Bilf the cylinder 60. This cannelure 81; also permits a substantially equal flow into the passage 86 and into the opposite end chamber 31 so that-the piston is balancedand there is no feed-or retracting motion imparted tojthe piston El and the slide It. At the same time the cannelure-ll connects the passages 12 and; 13 overlapping each by the sameamount so that the disehargelfrom the traverse cylinder 35 is least restricted. V This results in the traverse being accomplished at maximum speed and without in or out feed motion of the tracer or the tool.

In Figure 7 the condition is shown wherein the tracer 25 isv descending an inclination. This results in the spring H9 continuously pushing the valve 66 somewhat to the right as the traverse proceeds. Thisre sults in shutting off the passage 116 from the cannelure 8| and opening the pas- Siege, BB-to cannelure I25 and discharge port H6, while it opens moreful'ly through the cannelure 8 l thefpressurc passage 8% to the passage 89. This resultsin building up a pressure in the chamber 90in excess ofthat in chamber 81, the pressure in the, latter being permitted to discharge through the port I l and the passage I 15. The piston .61 is now driven'to'the right, causing the "feed of the tool into the work corresponding to the slope of the pattern along which the tracer is traversing and returning the valve toward initial relation to the piston 6|. At the same time the motion to the right of the valve 66 has more nearly closed the passage 13 from the cannelure H, thus more restricting the discharge from the traverse cylinder 35 and causing the traverse to be slowed and in reverse relation to the rate of feed of the tool toward the work. When the tracer reaches the fiat face of the pattern, the conditions will then revert to that shown in Figure 6, there being then no in or out feed of the tool and tracer and the traversing speed being returned to a maximum.

If now the tracer reaches an inclined face opposite to that shown in Figure 7, as that shown in Figure 8, the valve 66 is retracted, opening the cannelure 8| more widely to the passage 86 and increasing the pressure in the end chamber 81 and opening up the passage 89 from the chamber 90 at the left hand end of the cylinder to the discharge through the port l 19 and the discharge passage H5. This causes the piston 6| to be driven toward the left, which persists as long as the tracer is pushed outwardly by its engagement with the pattern. This position of the valve 66 also throttles the discharge from the passage 12 to the cannelure H, thus decreasing the rate of flow from the traverse motor, slowing down this rate inversely proportional to the retracting speed of the tool and tracer which is determined by the extent of opening of the cannelure 81 to the passage 86 and of the passage 89 to the discharge port H9.

In case of a very sudden drop in the pattern contour as shown in Figure 9, the spring H0 acts to move the valve 66 more violently to the right as shown in this figure, this cutting off the pas- 89 through a-restricted port andthus' sage lilirom the cannelure ll, completely. stop-e1 ping the traverse motion, while opening-wider through the. cannelure 8i connection. between the passages 83 and 89, thus'increasing the how into. the end chamber 90 while the dischargetakes; place freely from the chamber 81 through the passage 86, cannelure 125, andthe discharge passage H6. The motion of the tracernand the tool is now entirely in feed and'this persists as. longasthe tracer fails to meet an obstruction to its feeding motion. As soonas it reaches a portion in line with the traverse, conditions-then, change to that shown in Figure 6, whereupon there is no feed and the traverse resumesat maximum rate.

Attention has beencalled tothe fact that the cannelure H- is not "of uniform width, being shownas narrow at one diametrical point-and gradually increasing in width to the opposite. diametrical' point. By adjusting the valve. member 66 angularly, the effective widthw-ise portion of the cannelure which controls com: munication from passage 12 to passage 13 may be varied as desired, thus to deter-mine. the amount of throttling of the flow relative-to the. traverse motor'corresponding to any particular feed speed, whether in feedor retraction.

It will be seen from theforegoing that a singlevalve controls both the speed .oftraverse and the speed .and'directionofthe-feedmotion which is -at right angles to the direction of traverse. The valve comprising the cylinder 46 with its spool valve 41 which controls the. direc-.. tion of relative traverse and the valve comprise ing the spool portion 30 and its casing which controls the in and out feed motion are thus correlated through the control of the discharge. from the traverse cylinder 35 by the valve spool portion 10 integral with the spool portion in a predetermined manner to vary the relative rates of motion of the motors controlled thereby. This predetermined manner is adjustable by turning the valve 66 about its axis by turning the disk I115. The direction of traverse is controlled entirely by the operator controlled valve 41.

From the foregoing description of an embodiment of this invention, it will be evident to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications might be made without departing from its spirit or scope.

I claim:

1. In combination, a carriage, a support for said carriage on which said carriage is movable in one linear direction, means mounting said support for motion in a linear direction perpendicular to said first mentioned linear direction, a tool carried by said carriage, a fixed template, a tracer carried by said carriage in position to move along and in contact with said template as said carriage is moved, said tracer being mounted for motion in the general direction of motion of said carriage on said support and relative to said support, an hydraulic cylinder carried by said support arranged with its axis transverse to the direction of motion of said support, a hollow piston within said cylinder, a tubular piston rod extending from said piston and secured to said carriage, a spool valve within said piston provided with a stem extending through said piston rod. and bearing on said tracer, hydraulic connections to opposite ends of said cylinder and controlled by said valve causing said carriage to follow up the motion of said tracer. and means operatively connected thereto for moving said support tooau'se said tracer to traverse said template.

2. In combination, a carriage, a support for said carriage on which said carriage is movable in one linear direction, means mounting said support for motion in a linear direction perpendicular to said first mentioned linear direction, a tool carried by said carriage, a fixed tem-* plate, a tracer carried by said carriage in position to move along and in contact with said template as said carriage .is moved, said tracer being mounted for motion in the general direction of motion of said carriage on said support and relative to said support, an hydraulic cylinder carried by said support arranged with its axistransverse to the direction of motion of said support, a hollow piston within said cylinder, a tubular piston rod extending from said piston and secured to said carriage, a spool valve within said piston provided with a stem extending through said piston rod and bearing on said tracer, hydraulic connections to opposite ends of said cylinder and controlled by said valve causing said carriage to follow up the motion of said tracer, hydraulic means operatively connected thereto for moving said support, and speed controlling means including said valve operatively connected to said hydraulic means.

. 3. In combination, a carriage, a support for said carriage on which said carriage is movable in one linear direction, means mounting said support for motion in a linear direction perpendicular to said first mentioned linear direction, a tool carried by said carriage, a fixed template,'a tracer carried by said carriage in position to move along and in contact with said template as said carriage is moved, said tracer being mounted for motion in the general direction of motion of said carriage on said support and relative tov said support, an hydraulic cylinder car-' ried by said support arranged with its axis transverse to the direction of motion of said support,

a hollow piston within said cylinder, a tubular.

piston'rod extending from said piston and secured to saidcarriage, a spoolvalve within said.

piston provided with a stem extending through said piston rod and bearing on said tracer, hydraulic connections to opposite ends of ,saidcylinder and controlled by said valve causing said carriageto follow up the motion of said tracer, hydraulic means operatively connected thereto for moving said support, speed controlling means operatively connected to said hydraulic means and including said valve for said hydraulic means, and means operatively connected to said valve and actuated by angular adjustment of said stem for varying the control of said speed-controlling means.

WILLIM/I L. TANCRED.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 

